There's a very curious fashion enigma in Japan (among many others) called the "Loli-goth." (ロリゴス) This term is used to describe a specific look donned by teenage and young urban 20-somethings. The fashion is most prevalent in the Harajuku section of Tokyo, where one can buy all the fashion accessories needed to transform oneself into a "loli-goth." Here's an example of the look:
(This is so over-the-top that I can't help but laugh when I see people dressed like this in public! I promise you, this is for real folks! You can see this on any given day in the Harajuku area in Tokyo.)
The term "loli-goth" is a combination of two English words: "lolita" and "goth". Lolita refers to a young, highly-sexualized, attractive female who is sought after by an older man. (Read the plot synopsis of Stanley Kubrick's film Lolita to learn more about this.) The word goth, of course, refers to the dark, depressive and self-alienated social group that express itself by wearing dark clothing and presenting a kind of "vampire" look to the rest of the world.
Put the two together and you get highly sexualized girly energy meeting dark alienation. Only in Japan could these starkly different themes happily meld into one. To understand why this has happened - and what the hell is behind it all - let's look at how and where the whole trend started.
According to Wikipedia, the term "loli-goth" was first coined by a Japanese cross-dressing guitarist and clothing designer named Mana. It started in the late 1970s in the Kansai (Osaka) area, flourished in the mid to late 1990s and remains popular today. The style is rooted in Victorian, Edwardian and Rococo-era clothing styles. (Think "Anne of Green Gables" or "Alice in Wonderland" on crack!)
There are a few sub-types of "lolitas": "Kurororis" wear all black. "Shirororis" wear all white. And "Gurororis" wear grotesque or gory clothing/acessories to project an "injured look." (Think Alice in Wonderland's face through a windshield...) There are also "Sweet-lolis," who wear childish pastel colors and cute prints, while "Classic-lolis" wear mature-looking floral patterns. Here are some specimens:

I think the strangest part of this look is the handbags and other accessories the girls wear/carry. From Wikipedia: "Lolita outfits may be accessorized with other props, such as handbags, small backpacks and purses, sometimes in the shape of bats, coffins and crucifixes, as well as conspicuous pocket books, pocket watches and hat boxes. Teddy bears and other stuffed animals are also common, and some brands even make special "gothic" teddy bears out of black leather or PVC."
Oh, and there is something for the boys too! "Ouji/Kodona/Dandy-loli." Ouji in Japanese means "prince," and is modeled after clothing Victorian boys wore. The word "kodona" is a contraction of the Japanese words "kodomo" and "otona," which literally mean "child and "adult." The term was coined by the musician Ryutaro from the band Plastic Tree.
Because Victorian boys clothing is very feminine, it means Ouji-loli clothes can be worn by either sex, further blurring the androgynous line between male and female in Japanese society! This look includes somewhat masculine blouses and shirts, knickerbockers, knee-high socks top hats and newsboy caps.
On a side note, there are multiple fashion magazines in Japan solely dedicated to the loli-goth look. One is called "Gothic & Lolita Bible," and has over 100 pages dedicated to loli-goth fashion tips, photos, sewing patterns, catalog descriptions, decorating ideas and recipies. There's even a department store called Marui Young in the Shinjuku district of Tokyo that has four floors entirely devoted to loli fashions!
OK then......Even after trying to explain it in this post, even I still don't understand the whole loli-goth phenomenon. The point is somehow missing from the whole equation... I guess it's just one of the many weird, strange and out-of-the-blue things that can be chalked up to the generalization of: "It's Japan!"
Some stuff here is just very, very odd, and I don't think anyone from outside the country can ever fully understand things like the loli-goth. Hell, I don't think many Japanese people fully understand it either! But I believe the Japanese secretly like things to be odd, because it shrouds their culture in more mystery and "uniqueness."
I don't know about you, but I don't think a culture needs loli-goths in order to add extra layers of "mystery" to it... But then again, I can't think of a better way of making a culture more difficult to understand!